• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    It is a method and an apparatus for determining the magnetic egg property of a laminated core (3) with a ferromagnetic core (4), with an excitation device (7, 17, 24), a power supply (8) and one of the power supply (8 ) excited electrical resonant circuit (10) having a capacitance (9) and with the capacitance (9) electrically connected, provided on the core (4) exciter winding (5), which exciter winding (5) a mag netic flow (12) in the core (4) for a magnetic circuit (13) generated, and with a measuring device (14) having a core (4) provided with the exciter Wick development (5) magnetically coupled measuring winding (6) shown. In order to achieve maximum energy efficiency, it is proposed that the power supply (8) excites the oscillatory circuit (10) to oscillate (16, 23) with the resonant frequency (fres) of the resonant circuit (10).
    公开号:AT513802A1
    申请号:T50620/2012
    申请日:2012-12-21
    公开日:2014-07-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Voestalpine Stahl Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    -1 -
    The invention relates to a method and a device for determining the magnetic property of a laminated core with a ferromagnetic core, comprising an excitation device having a power supply and an electrical oscillatory circuit excited by the power supply, having a capacitor and a capacitor electrically connected to the capacitor provided excitation winding comprises, which exciter winding generates a magnetic flux in the core for a magnetic circuit, and with a measuring device having a provided on the core, magnetically coupled to the exciter winding measuring winding.
    In order to determine the magnetic property of a laminated core, it is known from the prior art (AT390522B) to generate an electromagnetic flux with an exciter coil attached to a U-shaped yoke or a core, which extends over the Sheet metal package to a magnetic circuit closes. The excitation coil is fed by an AC voltage source. By a magnetically coupled to the exciter coil measuring coil, which is also attached to the core, now can be deduced on the magnetic property of the laminated core. If hysteresis losses are to be measured with this method or device, a comparatively high electrical loss factor in the power supply of the device was disadvantageously found to be able to detect the limits of the hysteresis curve. All the more so when it comes to measuring laminated cores for high-performance electrical machines in terms of their magnetic properties.
    Furthermore, it is known in eddy current sensors (DE1773501A), the exciter coil to connect a capacitor in parallel, so as to give the exciter a different resonance characteristic than the measuring device. The resonance frequency of the resonant circuit and capacitor resonant circuit differs from the excitation frequency of the oscillator, which excites the resonant circuit as a power supply to a forced oscillation. Disadvantageously, this device also leads to a comparatively high electrical loss factor in its power supply. In addition, eddy current sensors are not suitable for measuring hysteresis losses.
    The invention has therefore set itself the task to modify a device of the type described in a structurally simple manner that can be measured with this energy-efficient even metal packs that are suitable for receiving relatively high magnetic flux densities on hysteresis.
    The invention solves this problem by the fact that the power supply excites the resonant circuit to a vibration with the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit.
    If the power supply stimulates the resonant circuit to oscillate with the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit, even laminations with high saturation design can be measured extremely energy-efficiently with regard to their hysteresis losses. In addition to ohmic active power losses, the energy required to drive the excitation coil in the excitation device, which is required for a comparatively high magnetic flux in the laminated core, can be held in the exciter device or stored temporarily in the capacitor. According to the invention, the positive and negative saturation values of the hysteresis curve or loop can be measured several times over the measurement winding with comparatively low total reactive power. The device can therefore be distinguished in its relatively inexpensive operation. In addition, can be dispensed with additional measure for reactive current compensation, which can be used for a further cost reduction of the device. 3/18 -3-
    In general, it is mentioned that the laminated core can represent a stator, rotor or other electrical component of an electrical machine. The laminated core can be understood to mean insulating sheet metal parts or electrical sheets. For example, baking enamel may be suitable for connecting the sheet metal parts to a laminated core. In addition, it is generally mentioned that the magnetic property of a laminated core can be understood in particular to be the magnetic losses of the laminated core, which can be composed of eddy current losses and / or hysteresis losses.
    The measurement on the laminated core can be made particularly energy-efficiently if the power supply stimulates the oscillating circuit to oscillate freely. After a charging of the resonant circuit by the power supply of the excitation device thus namely no additional electrical energy must be supplied so that a self-sufficient measurement of the magnetic properties is possible. Among other things, this can lead to a particularly stable measurement in terms of disturbances.
    If the power supply stimulates the resonant circuit to a forced oscillation, the accuracy of the measuring method can be further increased by repeated measurements at maximum voltage amplitude of the exciter oscillation for generating the magnetic flux. The device can thereby extremely reproducibly measure the magnetic property of a laminated core. In addition, with these repeated measurements with a resonant oscillation at the exciting coil, the possibility may arise to increase the accuracy of the measured data even further by using an error calculation, for example standard deviation.
    The amplitude of the oscillation for generating the electromagnetic flux can be maximized during the measurement even with active losses in the resonant circuit by the excitation frequency of the power supply coincides with the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit. The electrical energy of the oscillating circuit consumed as active power can namely be replaced by the power supply. For a comparatively robust and energy-efficient device, the power supply may comprise an inverter which forms a resonant circuit inverter with the resonant circuit of the exciter device. In addition, the manufacturing costs of the device can be significantly reduced. An inexpensive device can thus be created.
    A reliable measurement data acquisition can result if the inverter imprints a voltage in the resonant circuit.
    The energy efficiency of the device can be further increased if the resonant circuit inverter has a switching device that switches the inverter resonant. Namely, this resonant switching, that is, the zero voltage or current switching, can further stimulate the resonant oscillation of the resonant circuit and produce an increased magnetic flux without additional power supply to the exciter device.
    Constructive simplicity can be achieved if the resonant circuit is designed as a series resonant circuit.
    To improve the signal of the electrical variables measured by the resonant circuit, the resonant circuit may have a throttle.
    Another object of the invention is to provide a method for determining the hysteresis losses of a laminated core which is extremely energy efficient. 5/18 -5-
    The invention solves the stated object in that the resonant circuit for generating the electromagnetic flux is excited to a vibration with its resonant frequency.
    When the resonant circuit for generating the electromagnetic flux is excited to vibrate at its resonant frequency, a particularly energy efficient method can be used to determine the saturation values of a laminated core to determine the hysteresis curve and, consequently, the maximum hysteresis losses.
    Simple process conditions arise by the resonant circuit is excited to a free vibration. It may indeed be sufficient to use a free decay behavior of the resonant circuit for a sufficient measurement data acquisition.
    The accuracy of the measurement data acquisition to determine saturation values of the laminated core can be increased by the resonant circuit is excited to a forced oscillation. Because of the increased number of repeatedly metrologically detected vibrations, it may be possible to use a method for error correction.
    The method can be further improved in terms of its accuracy in the determination of saturation values of the laminated core by the excitation frequency and the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit are the same. In this way, it can namely be made possible to provide an increased number of redundant measurement data for determining the magnetic property of the laminated core.
    If the resonance frequency of the resonant circuit is changed for the determination of the magnetic property of the laminated core, an increased power spectrum of the laminated core can be measured with regard to the magnetic losses. The 6/18 -6-
    Change in the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit can be done for example by changing the size of the electrical capacitance in the resonant circuit by capacitors via switch the resonant circuit or switched off. A bandwidth of the resonance frequency of 50Hz to 10kHz can prove to be advantageous here. For example, with a low resonant frequency, hysteresis losses can be predominantly detected, for which purpose higher resonant frequencies may be suitable for detecting eddy current losses.
    In the figures, for example, the subject invention is illustrated by means of embodiments in more detail. Show it
    1 is a schematic view of the inventive device for measuring a magnetic property of a laminated core according to a first embodiment,
    FIG. 2 shows a schematic partial view of the excitation device of FIG. 1, FIG.
    3 is a schematic view of an excitation device according to a second embodiment,
    Fig. 4 shows a waveform to a vibration of the resonant circuit of FIG. 3, Fig. 5 shows a waveform to a vibration of the resonant circuit of FIG. 1 and
    Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an exciter device according to a third embodiment.
    The apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 according to a first exemplary embodiment for measuring the hysteresis losses 2 of a laminated core 3 has a ferromagnetic core 4. To this core 4, two windings are provided, namely a field winding 5 and a measuring winding 6, which are magnetically coupled. The excitation winding 6 is part of an excitation device 7, which includes a power supply 8 and a capacitor 9. Exciter device 7 and capacitor 9 are electrically connected to a series resonant circuit 10. The power supply 8 is shown in FIG. 1 as a controllable via a control current u (t) voltage source 11 and generates a current ie (t) in the resonant circuit 10, whereby the exciter 7/18 -7- winding 5 a magnetic flux 12 in Core 4 generated, which leads to a magnetic circuit 13. In this magnetic circuit 13 are the laminated core 3, the core 4 and the resulting between core 4 and 3 laminated core air gaps. The magnetic circuit 13 therefore leads over the laminated core 3.
    The measuring winding 6 is part of a measuring device 14 which is magnetically coupled to the field winding 5. Preferably, exciter device 7 and measuring winding 6 have different number of turns. From the measurement winding 6 designed as a coil, the measuring voltage is tapped by (t) via a voltage measuring device 15, which voltage is taken into account by (t) in the determination of the magnetic property of the laminated core 3. In order to generate high flux densities in the laminated core 2 and still be able to achieve a particularly high energy efficiency, the resonant circuit 10 is excited by the power supply 8 with the resonant frequency fres of the resonant circuit 10.
    For example, for this purpose, a resonant circuit 10 is excited to a free oscillation 16 with the resonant frequency fres = l4LC of the resonant circuit, as such a vibration 16 of FIG. 4 can be seen. This experiences by vibration 16 by electrical resistors, not shown, a damping. Reference is made to FIG. 3 for the realization of such an exciter device 17, which represents an alternative embodiment to the exciter device 7 illustrated in FIG. Thus, FIG. 3 shows a voltage source 22 which can be switched on and off and which is used to charge the capacitor 9 and thus to excite the resonant circuit 10 to form a free damped oscillation 16 according to FIG. 4.
    As an alternative to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3, the oscillating circuit 10 can also be excited with a forced oscillation 23, which leads to an exciting current ie (t). For this purpose, the excitation frequency f is chosen to be so long that, in turn, a free damped oscillation 16, shown in FIG. 4, is set at the resonance frequency fres = / 4Ic. 8/18 -8-
    Advantageously, however, the excitation frequency f coincides with the resonance frequency fres = / y [Ic of the resonant circuit 10. Thus, the resulting by active power attenuation of the resonant circuit 10 can be compensated and always an electromagnetic flux 12 can be generated with high flux density. The oscillation circuit 10 is thus excited to a forced oscillation 23 shown in FIG. 5, which leads to an exciting current ie (t). As can be seen here, this oscillation 23 can keep the amplitude despite active losses in the resonant circuit. This significantly increases the accuracy of the method for determining the magnetic property of the laminated core.
    A particularly robust embodiment of the electrical source for power supply 8 of the resonant circuit 10 is also an inverter 18 shown in FIG. 2, which forms a resonant circuit inverter 19 with the resonant circuit 10.
    The inverter 18 impresses an alternating voltage in the oscillatory circuit 10, which leads to an excitation current ie (t). In addition, the inverter 18 is controlled reso-nant in terms of zero voltage switching by a switching device 20 actuates the relevant switch 21 at a zero crossing of the load voltage.
    6, a further exciter device 24 is shown according to a third embodiment, which exciter device 24 differs from the exciter device 17 according to FIG. 3 in that the resonant circuit 10 is provided with a capacitance 9 'and a choke 25 which can be switched on and off. It can also be several switched on and wegschaltbare capacities 9 'are provided - which is not shown in detail. With the capacitance 9 'which can be switched on and off, the resonance frequency fres of the oscillating circuit 10 can be set in accordance with the measuring requirement, the inductor 25 being used to improve the signal ie (t). 9/18 -9-
    As can be seen from FIG. 1, the exciter current ie (t) for measuring the magnetic property of the laminated core is also used for the measuring voltage tapped by the measuring coil 6 (FIG. Thus, it is possible to represent the hysteresis curve.
    For this purpose, the magnetic flux is determined from the measuring voltage by (t) via an integrator 26, whereby the magnetic flux density B can be determined. The excitation current ie (t) is used to determine the magnetic field strength H, so that by knowing H and B, the hysteresis curve can be plotted. For increased sensitivity, the ratio of the air gap to the effective magnetic path is kept low. 10/18
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    1. A device for determining the magnetic property of a laminated core (3) with a ferromagnetic core (4), with an exciter device (7, 17, 24) having a power supply (8) and one of the power supply (8 ) comprises an excited electrical oscillating circuit (10) which comprises a capacitance (9) and an excitation winding (5) which is electrically connected to the capacitor (9) and is provided on the core (4), said excitation winding (5) having a magnetic flux (12) in the Having a core (4) for a magnetic circuit (13) generated, and with a measuring device (14) having a core (4) provided with the exciter winding (5) magnetically coupled measuring winding (6), characterized in that the power supply (8) the oscillation circuit (10) to a vibration (16, 23) with the resonant frequency (fres) of the resonant circuit (10) is excited.
    [2]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply (8) excites the resonant circuit (10) to a free vibration (16).
    [3]
    3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the power supply (8) excites the resonant circuit (10) to a forced oscillation (23).
    [4]
    4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the excitation frequency (f) of the power supply (8) coincides with the resonant frequency (fres) of the resonant circuit (10).
    [5]
    5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the power supply (8) comprises an inverter (18), which with the resonant circuit (10) of the exciter device (7) a resonant circuit inverter (19). 11/18 -2-
    [6]
    6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the inverter (18) impresses a voltage (u (t)) in the resonant circuit (10).
    [7]
    7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the resonant circuit inverter (18) has a switching device (20) which switches the inverter (19) resonant.
    [8]
    8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, that the resonant circuit (10) is designed as a series resonant circuit.
    [9]
    9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, that the resonant circuit (10) has a throttle (25) for signal improvement.
    [10]
    10. A method for determining the magnetic property of a laminated core (3), in which an electromagnetic flux (12) from a core (4) provided exciter winding (5) is generated by a resonant circuit (10) comprising the exciter winding (5 ) and a capacitance (9) is excited to a vibration (16, 23), the generated magnetic flux (12) forms a magnetic circuit (13) over the laminated core (3) and the core (4) and by means of a the magnetic field characteristic of the laminated core (3) is determined by at least these measured data, characterized in that the oscillating circuit (10) for generating the electromagnetic flux (12) to a vibration with its resonance frequency (fres) is excited.
    [11]
    11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the resonant circuit (10) to a free vibration (16) is excited.
    [12]
    12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the resonant circuit (10) to a forced oscillation (23) is excited. 12/18 -3-
    [13]
    13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the excitation frequency (f) and the resonance frequency (fres) of the resonant circuit (10) are equal.
    [14]
    14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that for the determination of the magnetic property of the laminated core (3), the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit (10) is changed. 13/18
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    AT390522B|1984-08-14|1990-05-25|Elin Union Ag|Arrangement for measuring magnetic characteristics|
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    JPH11101863A|1997-09-29|1999-04-13|Hitachi Metals Ltd|Method for measuring ac magnetic characteristics of sample to be measured|
    US20070122213A1|2005-11-25|2007-05-31|Konica Minolta Business Technologies, Inc.|Fixing device|
    JP3193204B2|1992-09-10|2001-07-30|株式会社東芝|Magnetic property measuring device|
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    MX2012000835A|2009-07-29|2012-03-07|Siemens Transformers Austria Gmbh & Co Kg|Method for classifying electrical sheet.|EP3106890A1|2015-06-19|2016-12-21|General Electric Technology GmbH|Method for measuring a stator core of an electric machine and measuring device|
    CN105929347B|2016-07-20|2019-02-22|福州大学|A kind of quick magnetic material magnetic characteristic measurement method|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    ES13828904.6T| ES2626043T3|2012-12-21|2013-12-23|Procedure and device for determining the magnetic property of a sheet package|
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    PCT/AT2013/050263| WO2014094029A1|2012-12-21|2013-12-23|Method and device for determining the magnetic characteristics of a lamination stack|
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